What causes heat cramps?

Heat cramps occur primarily due to muscle spasms that result from over-exertion in a hot environment. When individuals engage in physical activities during high temperatures, they are prone to excessive sweating. This sweating leads to the loss of water and important electrolytes, which can disrupt the body's balance and trigger painful muscle cramps.

In this context, over-exertion specifically refers to the physical strain placed on the body while exercising or working in the heat, which contributes to the development of heat cramps. Such cramps typically affect the muscles that are heavily used during the activity, particularly in the legs, arms, or abdomen, and are often an early sign of heat-related illnesses. Managing hydration and electrolyte levels is crucial to preventing heat cramps, especially during intense physical activity in hot weather.